
Margaret Thatcher
Biography
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, DStJ, PC, FRS, HonFRSC (née Roberts; 13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a British stateswoman and Conservative politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century and the first woman to hold the position. As prime minister, she implemented economic policies known as Thatcherism. A Soviet journalist dubbed her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style.
Thatcher studied chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford, and worked briefly as a research chemist before becoming a barrister. She was elected Member of Parliament for Finchley in 1959. Edward Heath appointed her secretary of state for education and science in his 1970–1974 government. In 1975, she defeated Heath in the Conservative Party leadership election to become leader of the opposition, the first woman to lead a major political party in the UK.
On becoming prime minister after winning the 1979 general election, Thatcher introduced a series of economic policies intended to reverse high inflation and Britain's struggles in the wake of the Winter of Discontent and an oncoming recession. Her political philosophy and economic policies emphasised greater individual liberty, the privatisation of state-owned companies, and reducing the power and influence of trade unions. Her popularity in her first years in office waned amid recession and rising unemployment. Victory in the 1982 Falklands War and the recovering economy brought a resurgence of support, resulting in her landslide re-election in 1983. She survived an assassination attempt by the Provisional IRA in the 1984 Brighton hotel bombing and achieved a political victory against the National Union of Mineworkers in the 1984–85 miners' strike. In 1986, Thatcher oversaw the deregulation of UK financial markets, leading to an economic boom, in what came to be known as the Big Bang.
Thatcher was re-elected for a third term with another landslide in 1987, but her subsequent support for the Community Charge (also known as the "poll tax") was widely unpopular, and her increasingly Eurosceptic views on the European Community were not shared by others in her cabinet. She resigned as prime minister and party leader in 1990, after a challenge was launched to her leadership, and was succeeded by John Major, her chancellor of the Exchequer. After retiring from the Commons in 1992, she was given a life peerage as Baroness Thatcher (of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire) which entitled her to sit in the House of Lords. In 2013, she died of a stroke at the Ritz Hotel, London, at the age of 87.
A polarising figure in British politics, Thatcher is nonetheless viewed favourably in historical rankings and public opinion of British prime ministers. Her tenure constituted a realignment towards neoliberal policies in Britain; the complex legacy attributed to this shift continues to be debated into the 21st century.
Acting (63 movies)

Laboratory Greece
2019

In the Grip of Gazprom
2023

Laissez-faire
2015

Her Majesty's Prime Ministers: John Major
2023

Portillo on Thatcher
2008

Ice Under His Feet
2022

Margaret Thatcher: The Woman Who Changed Britain
2013

Influence
2020

Cabinet Confidential
2001

How to Be Prime Minister
1996

Maggie and Me
2013

Thatcher's Not Dead
2022

Margaret Thatcher: The Iron Lady
2012

The Emperor's New Clothes
2015

Versus: The Life and Films of Ken Loach
2016

Margaret: Death of a Revolutionary
2013

Remembering Reagan at His Ranch
2004

Iron Fists and Kung Fu Kicks
2019

The Falklands War: The Untold Story
1987

Hillsborough
2016

Kids' TV: The Surprising Story
2022

How to Win the TV Debate
2010

McEnroe
2022

Meeting Gorbachev
2019

Nazi Hunters: The Real Walk-In
2022

How to Be an Ex-Prime Minister
2007

Let Poland Be Poland
1982

A Very British Sex Scandal: The Love Child & the Secretary
2024

Odd Man Out: A Film Portrait of Enoch Powell
1995

Rise of the Footsoldier: Origins
2021

Blackadder: Back & Forth
1999

Prelúdio
2022

Rockin' Ronnie
1986

The Dark Side of Porn: The Real Animal Farm
2006

Reagan
1998

Brexit: The Uncivil War
2019

The 90s: Ten Years That Changed the World
2015

Hong Kong: Retrocession Generation
2017

Breakpoint: A Counter History of Progress
2019

Degeneration Punk
1997

England 79
2019

The Shock Doctrine
2009

1979: Big Bang of the Present
2019

Shadow World
2016

The Swap
2016

How to Win the US Presidency
2016

Reagan
2011

The Pinochet Case
2001

Secret Origin: The Story of DC Comics
2010

Thatcher vs The Miners: The Battle for Britain
2021

Best Ever Spitting Image
2006

In Search of Tony Blair
2004

The Downing Street Patient
2004

Westminster's Secret Service
1995

The New Ten Commandments
2008

Margaret Thatcher, l'enfance d'un chef
2007

Margaret Thatcher: Serving the Crown
2022

Palme
2012

Satans mördare
1995

Unforgotten: The Bradford City Fire
2025

Striking with Pride: United at the Coalface
2024

Freddie Mercury: The Final Act
2022

Liam Gallagher: Knebworth 22
2022
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